This paper presents a genetic algorithmic approach to the shortest path (SP) routing problem. Variable-length chromosomes (strings) and their genes (parameters) have been used for ...
The clonal selection principle is used to explain the basic features of an adaptive immune response to an antigenic stimulus. It establishes the idea that only those cells that rec...
Abstract--The particle swarm is an algorithm for finding optimal regions of complex search spaces through the interaction of individuals in a population of particles. Even though t...
Traditional GISystems are no longer appropriate for modern distributed, heterogeneous network environments due to their closed architecture, and their lack of interoperability, reu...
A conventional color histogram (CCH) considers neither the color similarity across different bins nor the color dissimilarity in the same bin. Therefore, it is sensitive to noisy i...