Objects model the world, and state is fundamental to a faithful modeling. Engineers use state machines to understand and reason about state transitions, but programming languages ...
Jonathan Aldrich, Joshua Sunshine, Darpan Saini, Z...
Side effects are both the essence and bane of imperative programming. The programmer must carefully coordinate actions to manage their side effects upon each other. Such coordinat...
A key concern in safety engineering is understanding the overall emergent failure behaviour of a system, i.e., behaviour exhibited by the system that is outside its specification ...
The behaviour of control functions in safety critical software systems is typically bounded to prevent the occurrence of known system level hazards. These bounds are typically deri...
Zeshan Kurd, Tim Kelly, John A. McDermid, Radu Cal...
The advanced electric power grid is a cyber-physical system comprised of physical components such as transmission lines and generators and a network of embedded systems deployed fo...