The expression 'nature of the artificial' can be understood in (at least) two distinct, yet possibly related, senses as denoting (i) the essence (or whatness) of the art...
Abstract. This paper presents an Artificial Immune-based optimization technique for solving the economic dispatch problem in a power system. The main role of electrical power utili...
Titik Khawa Abdul Rahman, Saiful Izwan Suliman, Is...
Abstract- Complex systems techniques provide a powerful tool to study the emergent properties of networks of interacting genes. In this study we extract models of genetic regulator...
Traditionally, universities focus primarily on instructionist teaching. Such an understanding has been criticized from theoretical and practical points of view. We believe that so...