Abstract--An Elman network (EN) can be viewed as a feedforward (FF) neural network with an additional set of inputs from the context layer (feedback from the hidden layer). Therefo...
In this paper, we compare the performance of hierarchical GP methods (Automatically Defined Functions, Module Acquisition, Adaptive Representation through Learning) with the canon...
This paper deals with the representation of document models used in the field of document recognition. A novel formalism called generalized n-gram is presented, which is shown to b...
The knowledge discovery process encounters the difficulties to analyze large amount of data. Indeed, some theoretical problems related to high dimensional spaces then appear and de...
We present a new approach to personalized handwriting recognition. The problem, also known as writer adaptation, consists of converting a generic (user-independent) recognizer int...