Most scientific models are not physical objects, and this raises important questions. What sort of entity are models, what is truth in a model, and how do we learn about models? In...
In data clustering, many approaches have been proposed such as K-means method and hierarchical method. One of the problems is that the results depend heavily on initial values and...
Abstract. It is argued that the ability to generalise is the most important characteristic of learning and that generalisation may be achieved only if pattern recognition systems l...
Abstract. The use of formal methods provides confidence in the correctness of developments. Yet one may argue about the actual level of confidence obtained when the method itself...
This paper 1 attempts to characterise a unifying overview of the practice of software engineers, AI designers, developers of evolutionary forms of computation, designers of adapti...